Given a regular cardinal , a morphism in a category is -pure (or -universally injective) if for every commutative square
in which and are -presentable objects, the morphism factors through , i.e. there is some with .
Notice that the above definition does not require that also the morphism is factored, hence it does not express a lifting property.
In a -accessible category every -pure morphism is a monomorphism, hence exhibits a pure subobject.
In a locally -presentable category -pure morphisms are, moreover, regular monomorphisms,
and in fact coincide with the -directed colimits of split monomorphisms in the arrow category ;
more generally this characterization holds in all -accessible categories admitting pushouts.
Consider unital, possibly commutative, rings and their modules.
Given such a ring , a homomorphism of left -modules is pure if tensoring the exact sequence of left -modules
with any right -module (from the left) yields a exact sequence of abelian groups.
Grothendieck has proved that faithfully flat morphisms of commutative schemes are of effective descent for the categories of quasicoherent -modules. But this was not entirely optimal, as there is in fact a more general class than faithfully flat morphisms which satisfy the effective descent. For a local case of commutative rings, Joyal & Tierney (1984) have then proved (unpublished) that the effective descent morphisms for modules are precisely the pure morphisms of rings (or dually of affine schemes) accotding to Def . The result can be extracted also from their Memoirs volume on Galois theory. Janelidze & Tholen (2004) have reproved this theorem as a corollary of a result for noncommutative rings obtained using Beck’s comonadicity theorem.
The following paper was the first with the result on that pure morhisms are of the effective descent but the proof has been omitted:
The result is proved (within a larger context)
Clean proofs are by Mesablishvili and by Janelidze,
Bachuki Mesablishvili, Pure morphisms of commutative rings are effective descent morphisms for modules – a new proof, Theory and Appl. of Categories 7, 2000, No. 3, 38-42, tac
Bachuki Mesablishvili, Pure morphisms are effective for modules, Applied Categorical Structures 21 (2013), 801–809. arXiv, doi.
T. Brzeziński, R. Wisbauer, Corings and comodules, London Math. Soc. Lec. Note Series 309, Cambridge Univ. Press 2003; errata pdf
George Janelidze, Walter Tholen, Facets of descent III: monadic descent for rings and algebras, Appl. Categ. Structures 12 5-6 (2004) 461-477 [MR2005i:13019, doi]
Much attention on the descent along pure morphism is in a recent survey
The Ziegler spectrum of indecomposable pure injectives has been introduced in
A textbook account is in
The relationship between the Ziegler spectrum of (the category of modules over) a ring and the Ziegler spectrum of its derived category is studied in
Other articles:
M. Prest, P. Rothmaler, M. Ziegler, Absolutely pure and flat modules and “indiscrete” rings, J. Alg. 174:2 (1995) 349-372 doi
Christian U. Jensen, Helmut Lenzing, Model theoretic algebra: with particular emphasis on fields, rings, modules, Algebra, Logic and Applications 2, Gordon and Breach 1989.
I. Herzog, The Ziegler spectrum of a locally coherent Grothendieck category, Proc. London Math. Soc. 74:3 (1997) 503-558 doi
Ivo Herzog, Pure-injective envelopes, Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 2(4) (2003), 397-402 pdf
Jiří Adámek, H. Hub, Walter Tholen, On pure morphisms in accessible categories, J. Pure Appl. Alg. 107, 1 (1996), pp 1-8, doi
Michel Hébert, Purity and injectivity in accessible categories, doi
W.W. Crawley-Boevey, Locally finitely presented additive categories, Communications in Algebra 22(5)(1994), 1641-1674.
Rosanna Laking, Purity in compactly generated derivators and t-structures with Grothendieck hearts, Math. Zeitschrift, doi (2019).
Last revised on April 8, 2023 at 06:07:49. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.